Treeeater. A Short Dialogue by 1est ESO Students

A short dialogue by the two groups of 1rst ESO. Pumpkins dubbed by our students. Enjoy!

1rst ESO-A, Group 1: Nayab, Edi, Hussain, Suleman, Noreen & the teacher.

1rst ESO-A, Group 2: Gabi, Blal, Suhana, Beenish, Antonia & Jero.

1rst ESO-B, Group 1: Hajra, Sanwal, Coral, Dylan, Abdul & Luis.

1rst ESO-B, Group 2: Shamir, Saira, Amir, Fany, María & Jero.

Could & Couldn't Activities

Some activities to review the modals could, couldn't and was able to:

• From the English Club: Activity 1 - Activity 2
• Two games from the British Council.
• English Grammar Lessons.
• A quizz by English Zone.
• From AutoEnglish.
• An exercise by English Power.
• Fill in the gaps with English Exercises.
• English Grammar Secrets offers 2 activities: Excerise 1 - Exercise 2 
• One activity by Englisch-Hilfen.

Could & Couldn't

Could and couldn’t are modal auxiliary verbs. Could and couldn’t are the past tense forms of can and can’t.

We use could and couldn’t to:

• talk about past possibility or ability
• make requests

Structure

subject + could/couldn’t + main verb

The main verb is always the infinitive without "to".

	subject	auxiliary verb	main verb
+	My grandmother	could	swim.
-	She	could not	walk.
		couldn't
?	Could	your grandmother	swim?

Uses

Past Possibility or Ability

We use could to talk about what was possible in the past, what we were able or free to do:

• I could speak English when I was 5 years old.
• My grandmother could swim.
• When we arrived home, we couldn't open the door.
• Could you understand what he was saying?

We use could (positive) and couldn't (negative) for general ability in the past. But when we talk about one special occasion in the past, we use be able to (positive) and couldn't (negative).

	Past
	General	Specific Occasion
+	My grandmother could speak Spanish.	A man fell into the river yesterday. The police were able to save him.
-	My grandmother couldn't speak Spanish.	A man fell into the river yesterday. The police couldn't save him.

Requests

We often use could in a question to ask somebody to do something. The use of could in this way is fairly polite (formal):

• Could you tell me where the bank is, please?
• Could you send me a catalogue, please?

Must & Mustn't: Activites

To practise must and mustn't, take a look at this presentation, and after, do the activities below.

Activities:

• From The Yellow Pencil, a page with listenings, rules and exercises.
• 3 Exercises from Guadiana Inglés.
• From English Grammar Lessons.
• A gapfill exercise from Pedagogie Ac.
• From To Learn English.
• An exercise from Better English.
• English Exercises offers you more activities.

Must & Mustn't

Must is a modal auxiliary verb. In one of its meanings, it is used to give strong advice or orders (to oneself or to other people).

Affirmative
I You He She It We You They	must	go come work live speak

Mustn't means that it is neccesary that you do not do something.In other words, it is used to tell people not to do things.

Negative
I You He She It We You They	must not mustn't	go come work live speak

We use the questions with must to ask about the intentions of wishes of the person one is speaking to.

Interrogative
Must	I you he she it we you they	go? come? work? live? speak?

Affirmative answers				Negative answers
Yes,	I you he she it we you they	must.		No,	I you he she it we you they	mustn't.

Can & Can't

Learn how to use can and can't with these funny pumpkins:

Can is an auxiliary verb that we use to:

• Talk about possibility and ability.
• Make requests.
• Ask for or give permission.

The structure of can:

• subject + can + main verb

The main verb is always the infinitive without "to".

	subject	auxiliary verb	main verb
+	I	can	read	a book.
-	He	can't /cannot	read	a book.
?	Can	you	read	a book?

• Can is invariable. There is only one form of can.
• The main verb is the infinitive without "to".

Activities:

• From The Yellow Pencil, a page with listenings, rules and exercises.
• English Exercises offers you three different activities: 1, 2 & 3.
• Some exercises from Better English:   1, 2 & 3.